Meaning oforthogonalin English

Adjective

1. at right angles; geometrically perpendicular
   The two lines intersect at orthogonal angles.
2. vectors with zero inner product; perpendicular
   The vectors are orthogonal because their dot product is zero.
3. statistically independent (in statistical analysis)
   The variables in the study were orthogonal, allowing for accurate analysis.
4. separate aspects in design; consistent and composable
   The modular design ensured orthogonal components that could be easily combined.
5. independent problems or subjects
   The researcher focused on orthogonal problems in mathematics and physics.